M. Bazaieva, Student
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2018.139.01
THE INFLUENCE OF ANTIQUITY ON THE VIEWS FORMATION AND ACTIVITY OF THOMAS JEFFERSON
The article is dedicated to the influence of antiquity on the formation of Thomas Jefferson’s system of philosophical, political, scientific and artistic views. Specificity of philosophical and cultural space of Europe and North America is considered, as well as conditions of education and personal development of Thomas Jefferson. Thomas Jefferson’s works are analyzed, direct citations and references to antique philosophers and writers are noted, likewise political ideas of Thomas Jefferson, that are grounded on antique history. Tendency to identification antique history, philosophy and literature as sample and guidance in publicistic and literary works of Thomas Jefferson is pointed out. In the article are revised influences of antiquity on the following spheres of Thomas Jefferson’s activity: organization of education, law, governance, architecture. In the educational development Thomas Jefferson propagated broad studying of antique history and classical languages that might be the basis for education and personality development. Antique examples were the foundation of Thomas Jefferson’s ideas about citizenship, nation and slavery, principles of the classical republicanism and organization of public administration are grounded on the same samples. Thomas Jefferson’s personal ambivalence in the questions of patriotism as dualism in relations “citizen of the state – citizen of the USA” is noted. Some attention is paid to the architectural works of Thomas Jefferson. He followed the best antique masterpieces in his own architectural projects and laid the foundation of American classicism in the architecture of 19th century.
Key words: antiquity, Thomas Jefferson, Roman republic, classical republicanism, education, citizenship, slavery, American classicism.
Full text PDF
References:
1. DZHEFFERSON, T. (1990). Avtobiografiya. Zapiski o shtate Virdzhiniya. [Autobiography. Notes on the State of Virginia]. Leningrad: Nauka. [In Russian].
2. BERNSTEIN, R. B. (2004). Thomas Jefferson: The Revolution of Ideas. New York: Oxford University Press.
3. BOWERS, C. G. (1945). The Young Jefferson, 1743-1789. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
4. CARPENTER, J. (2013). Thomas Jefferson and the Ideology of Democratic Schooling. [Online]. Democracy & Education, 21(2), 1–11. Retrieved from https://democracyeducationjournal.org/home/vol21/iss2/5/.
5. CATLET, L. B. (2004). Thomas Jefferson: A Free Mind. Victoria: Trafford Publishing.
6. GROSSBERG, M. & TOMLINS, C. (Eds). (2008). The Cambridge History of Law in America. Vol. 1: Early America (1580-1815). New York: Cambridge University Press.
7. HOLOWCHAK, M. A. (2017). Thomas Jefferson, Moralist. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
8. LEHMANN, K. (1947). Thomas Jefferson, American Humanist. New York: The Macmillan Company.
9. MECKLER, M. (2006). Classical Antiquity and the Politics of America: From George Washington to George W. Bush. Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press.
10. ONUF, P. S. (2007). The Mind of Thomas Jefferson. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
11. PETERSON, M. D. (1998). The Jefferson Image in the American Mind. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
12. RICHARD, C. J. (2009). Why We’re All Romans. The Roman Contribution to the Western World. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
13. RICHEY, T. L. (2009). An Historical Inquiry into Thomas Jefferson's Influence on the American Educational System. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 909. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/909.
14. SELLERS, M. N. S. (1994). American Republicanism. Roman Ideology in the United States Constitution. New York: New York University Press.
15. SHALEV, E. (2003). Ancient Masks, American Fathers: Classical Pseudonyms during the American Revolution and Early Republic. Journal of the Early Republic, 23(2), 151–172.
16. SULLIVAN, L. H. (1924). The Autobiography of an Idea. New York: Press of the American Institute of Architects.
17. WOOD, G. S. (1990). Classical Republicanism and the American Revolution. Chicago-Kent Law Review, 66(1), 13–38.
18. WOOD, G. S. (2009). Empire of Liberty. A History of the Early Republic (1789-1815). New York: Oxford University Press.
19. WOOD, G. S. (2011). The Idea of America: Reflections on the Birth of the United States. New York: Penguin Press.
20. WRIGHT, L.B. (1943). Thomas Jefferson and the Classics. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 87(3), 223–233.