A. Loza,
PhD Stud.,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
ORCID: 0000-0002-5981-1495
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2022.152-153.6
THE IMAGE OF AN EXEMPLARY GUARDIAN AND NOBLEMAN IN THE PRACTICES OF NOBLE GUARDIANSHIPS (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE STATE ARCHIVES OF ZHYTOMYR REGION
The article presents the image of an exemplary guardian and nobleman in the practices of noble guardianships of the Russian Empire (on the basis of normative acts and archival materials of the State Archives of Zhytomyr region). Separately were investigated: the issues of natural guardianships, the appointment of women as guardians and corporate solidarity in the performance of the duty of guardians. The analysis of the historiographical database revealed that this topic has an insufficient level of research in Ukrainian and foreign historiography. At the same time, regulatory acts and archival sources create the necessary basis for noble guardianships proper study. It was established that the requirements for guardians are directly related to the ethos of noble state. The main thing between them are: proper education, moderation, rationality and loyalty to the authorities. As for the pragmatic side, the nobles obliged: the absence of cruelty in the treatment of peasants, life according to income level, the lack of a tendency to waste and obedience in the implementation of the prescriptions of state authorities. In the course of the study, it was possible to distinguish two characteristic features of the noble guardianships. The first is the view of the minor as a future full-fledged representative of the nobility, and his upbringing in accordance with this. The second is the manifestation of a controlling function, both over the nobility ethos and its financial situation. The latter was directly related to ensuring the strategic stability of the monarchy.
Keywords: nobility, guardianship, Russian Empire, state, social protection, orphans, corporate solidarity
Submitted: 04.04.2022
Download Full Text
References:
1. Barvinok, O. (2016). Functioning of nobility class institution in south-west provinces of the Russian Empire in the late 19th – early 20th century. Kyiv Historical Studies, 2,125–133. [In Ukrainian].
2. Charter for the Rights, Freedoms, and Privileges of the Noble Russian Gentry. In E. Indova (Ed.), Russian legislation of the X-XX centuries (Vol. 5. Legislation of the heyday of absolutism). Moscow: Legal literature. http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/Etext/dv_gram.htm [In Russian].
3. State Archives of Zhytomyr Region (SAZR), f. 4, op. 1, case. 10, 27 sheets.
4. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 15, 4 sheet.
5. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 19, 64 sheets.
6. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 22, 67 sheet.
7. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 26, 148 sheets.
8. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 27, 10 sheets.
9. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 32, 75 sheet.
10. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 34, 281 sheet.
11. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 50, 40 sheet.
12. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 59, 21 sheets.
13. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 60, 759 sheets.
14. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 61, 9 sheet.
15. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 64, 73 sheets.
16. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 65, 95 sheets.
17. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 66, 324 sheets.
18. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 68, 50 sheet.
19. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 69, 104 sheet.
20. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 70, 325 sheets.
21. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 73, 30 sheet.
22. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 75 311 sheets.
23. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 89, 195 sheet.
24. SAZR, f. 4, op. 1, case. 91, 65 sheet.
25. Konstantinova, Y. (2010). Activities of the bodies of noble custodies in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries (according to the materials of the state archive of the Kherson region). Historical and Political research, 1–2, 105–111. http://politics.ellib.org.ua/pages-4912.html. [In Ukrainian].
26. Korogod, G. (2016). Guardianship institutions and guardianship law in the Ukrainian lands XI-XIX. Sumy antiquity, 48, 50–58. https://cutt.ly/DtKrm38 [In Ukrainian].
27. Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire http://nlr.ru/e-res/law_r/content.html. [In Russian].
28. Rudy, N. (2012). Institute of guardianship and care in Ukraine historical and legal research. Lviv: Lviv State University of Internal Affairs. [In Ukrainian].
29. Establishment for the Provinces of the Russian Empire. https://runivers.ru/lib/book6866/187015/ [In Russian].
30. Shandra V.S. Noble quardianship and it social ptactices during modernization reforms (second half of XIX - beginning of XX century).