B. Bronteryuk,
Master's Student,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2022.152-153.1
FEATURES OF THE 1968 STUDENT PROTEST IN BRAZIL
The article reveals the peculiarities of student protests in 1968 in Brazil, in addition to highlighting the characteristics of specifically Brazilian protests, the author also analyzes and compares them with protests in other European and American countries: France, USA, Mexico etc. In general, the article examines the main manifestations of the "Cultural Revolution", which is characterized by student protests in all parts of the world. Most of the protests were driven by a desire to change social principles. Students advocated for greater freedoms in education within universities, and for freedoms in the political sense. One of the key political issues represented by protesters was the Vietnam War and the United States' involvement in. In addition, these protests are characterized by a generational gap between parents and children, who have ceased to understand each other. The article also emphasizes the importance of the preconditions for the protest movement, since in 1964 a military coup took place in Brazil, which resulted in the arrival of the military. The military was a conservative in politics, so conflict with students who advocated completely opposite values was inevitable. An important role in these protests was played by technological progress, which allowed people around the world to learn information much faster. Students, looking at the protests in other countries could feel a certain solidarity with their colleagues and understand that in their struggle they are not alone. It was common to borrow same tactics during protests: boycotts, actions against the police, building of the barricades and seizing university buildings.
The author concludes that the student protests in Brazil went from a peaceful boycott of the government to clashes with the police, which led to casualties and repressions by the authorities. At the same time, the article emphasizes the confrontation between the baby boomer generation and the older generation, represented by Brazil's military leaders.
Keywords: Brazil, 1968 protests, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, students, military dictatorship, Artur da Costa e Silva.
Submitted: 14.02.2022
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