І. Moroz, PhD in History, Assistant Professor
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2021.149.9
STALIN'S REPRESSIONS THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE LIFE PATHS OF I. KRYPYAKEVYCH'S ACQUAINTANCES AND FRIENDS (BASED ON HIS MEMOIRS)
The article is based on the materials of the "Biographical Dictionary of My Acquaintances" by a prominent Ukrainian historian, academician I. Krypyakevych (1886-1967), written by him during the Thaw. The source, which is preserved in the Krypyakevych Family Archive, was published by us in 2017. The study highlights the large-scale phenomenon of Stalin’s terror through the prism of the personal dimension of history, "microhistory."
The memoirs contain information about the Eastern and Western Ukrainian acquaintances of the Lviv historian, representatives of the national intelligentsia, who were repressed in the 20-40s of the twentieth century. The main stages of repression can be traced to the memoirs: repressions of the 1930s, the victims of which were historians from Soviet Ukraine associated with the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (VUAN), representatives of the "Shot Renaissance", victims of the Sovietization of Western Ukraine and postwar persecution. The victims of Stalin's repressions were representatives of the scientific and creative intelligentsia of Ukraine, public and political figures. Among them were participants in such fabricated cases as the Ukrainian National Center, the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine, the Union of Ukrainian Nationalists, and others. Among I. Krypyakevych’s acquaintances and friends were the following well-known repressed people: Les Kurbas, Mykhailo Boychuk, Yuriy Lypa, Mykola Zerov, Mykola Voronyi, and others. The materials of the "Dictionary…" contribute to the coverage of the tragedy of the Krushelnytsky family, which became a symbol of Soviet terror. The fate of many acquaintances of the academician was intertwined with Solovki. Many of them went through the crucible of the Great Terror of 1937-1938 and finished their lives during the mass executions in the Sandarmokh tract.
I. Krypyakevych personally helped the victims of the Soviet regime in every possible way. The article considers the problem of Western Ukrainian emigration to the USSR, traces the main circumstances and motives for the emigration of the Galician intelligentsia to Soviet Ukraine.
Keywords: Stalin's repressions, The Great Terror, Sandarmokh, I. Krypyakevych, "Biographical Dictionary of My Acquaintances".
Submitted: 17.03.2021
Download Full Text
References:
1. Ushkalov, O. & Ushkalov, L. (Eds.). (2010). Archive of the Shot Renaissance: materials of archival and investigative affairs of Ukrainian writers of the 1920-1930s. Kyiv: Smoloskip. Pр. 363-364. [In Ukrainian].
2. Returned names. Books of memory of Russia (n.d.). http://visz.nlr.ru/person [In Russian].
3. Zabolotna, I. (2004). Cooperation of I. Krypyakevych with institutions of VUAN Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, 71/72, 16-19. [In Ukrainian].
4. Krypyakevych, I.P. (2017). Biographical dictionary of my acquaintances. (Moroz I.M., compiler and author of the foreword). Kyiv: Publishing and Printing Center "Kyiv University". [In Ukrainian].
5. Krypyakevych, I. Memoirs (Autobiography). (2001). In: Ya. Isaevych, F. Stebliy (Eds.). Collection of scientific works «Ukraine: cultural heritage, national consciousness, statehood», Vol. 8: Ivan Krypyakevych in family tradition, science, society). Lviv: I. Krypyakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Pр. 77-140. [In Ukrainian].
6. Krushelnytska, L. (2001). They cut down the forest ... (memories of a Galician woman). Lviv: [s.n.] [In Ukrainian].
7. Marynych, L. (2013). Galician emigration to the USSR - a tragic epilogue of 1937–19. In: O. Bazhan, R. Podkur (Eds.). Proceedings of the All-Ukrainian Scientific Conference «Political repressions in the Ukrainian SSR 1937–1938: investigative reflections and interpretations. To the 75th anniversary of the "Great Terror" in the USSR», March, 2012. Kyiv. Pp. 321-341. [In Ukrainian].
8. Tereshchuk, G. (2012). My grandfather was obsessed with work for Ukraine – Larisa Krushelnytska. http://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/24505399.html
9. Shevchenko, S. (2019). List of executed in Sandarmokh Ukrainians and people from Ukraine. https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/24477308.html [In Ukrainian].